In order to convert old paper into de-inked pulp, eleven transformation steps are carried out.
Pulping: Preparation of coarse pulp by mixing old papers with water and breaking them up using the pulper’s powerful agitator. |
Screening: The pulp is pushed through the screen to remove solid impurities such as staples and glue. |
Flotation: Fine soapy bubbles are added to the pulp to bring ink particles to the surface. |
Washing: Visible dirt and glue residue in the water are removed. |
Dispersion: Ink particles are removed by rubbing fibers together. |
Bleaching: The pulp is bleached using hydrogen peroxide, a non-chlorinated component that is environmentally friendly. |
Second Flotation: Fine soapy bubbles are added to the pulp to bring residual ink particles to the surface. |
Cleaning: The pulp is put through cleaners, which use centrifugal force to separate the impurities from the pulp. |
Bleaching: In this second phase of chlorine-free bleaching, the degree of whiteness of the pulp increases and any remaining coloring is removed. |
Second Screening: The pulp is pushed through the screen to remove residual sticky particles. |
Baling: Thickening the pulp by dewatering, sheeting, cutting and baling. |